the Old-Ox road · — · Aquila/Delphinus/Aquarius (Śravaṇa, Dhaniṣṭhā, Vāruṇa = Śatabhiṣaj)
Purāṇas · c. 3rd-5th c. CE
श्रवणञ्च धनिष्ठा च वारुणञ्च जरद्गवम्।। १२४.५६ ।।
Śravaṇa and Dhaniṣṭhā and Vāruṇa — that is Jaradgava. — Literal rendering by the compiler
The name does double duty: Jaradgava is both the MIDDLE of the three great mārgas and the third vīthī within it (Matsya 124.57). Bṛhat Saṃhitā 9.3ab, jāradgavyāṃ śravaṇāt tribhaṃ, gives the triad beginning at Śravaṇa — Śravaṇa, Dhaniṣṭhā, Śatabhiṣaj — an EXACT match with the Matsya. (BS 9.1's sequential list, which Varāhamihira attributes to others, would instead put Viśākhā/Anurādhā/Jyeṣṭhā here.) Note vāruṇa here is the asterism whose deity is Varuṇa, i.e. Śatabhiṣaj.
Utpala's commentary · Utpala 966 CE; the authorities he quotes (Garga, Parāśara, Kāśyapa, Devala) are all pre-Varāhamihira, surviving only in citation
अथ मार्गास्त्रयो भवन्त्युत्तरमध्यमदक्षिणाः। पुनरेकैकशस्त्रिधा नव वीथय इत्याचक्षते। तत्रोत्तरे नागगजैरावत्यः। मध्ये वृषभगोजारद्गव्यः। दक्षिणे मृगाजदहनाः। तासां नागाऽऽग्नेययाम्यवायव्यानि। गजवीथी रोहिण्यादीनि त्रीणि। चत्वारि परमैरावती। वृषभा फल्गुन्यौ। गोवीथी प्राक्प्रोष्ठपदादीनि चत्वारि। श्रवणधनिष्ठावारुणानि जारद्गवी। मृगवीथी त्वाष्ट्रहस्तम्। आजी मैत्रमैन्द्राग्न्यधिपमैन्द्रम्। मूलमषाढाद्वयं च वैश्वानरीमितीच्छन्ति। … [काश्यपः] जारद्गवी विशाखाद्या मूलाद्या मृगवीथिका।
Transcribed from the Devanagari OCR of the printed edition at shloka_source_url (Achyuta Nand Jha ed., vol. 1) and checked word-for-word against two further independent scans of two different printed editions of the same commentary — Krishna Chandra Dvivedi's (https://archive.org/download/brihatsamhitawithbhattotpalavivrittipartidr.krishnachandradvivedi/Brihat%20Samhita%20%20with%20Bhattotpala%20Vivritti%20Part%20I%20-%20Dr.%20Krishna%20Chandra%20Dvivedi_djvu.txt) and A.V. Tripathi's (https://archive.org/download/JiUm_brihat-samhita-part-1-of-varaha-mihira-by-avadh-bihari-tripathi-saraswati-bhavan-granthamala/Brihat%20Samhita%20Part%201%20of%20Varaha%20Mihira%20by%20Avadh%20Bihari%20Tripathi%20-%20Saraswati%20Bhavan%20Granthamala_djvu.txt). Only glyph-level OCR artifacts that all three scans show to be artifacts (e.g. OCR रद्वव for रद्गव, श्व for श्च) have been normalised; every substantive reading is as scanned, and the two places where the scans genuinely differ are flagged in identification_notes.
See db_id 'varuna-shatabhishaj'. Kāśyapa: 'The Jāradgavī begins with Viśākhā, the Mṛga-vīthikā with Mūla.' — Literal rendering by the compiler
FIVE INDEPENDENT SCHEMES, four of them pre-Varāhamihira, are set side by side by Utpala in ch. 9 — this is the single densest surviving witness to the vīthī system, and the database's vīthī entries hitherto rest on the Purāṇas alone. (a) DEVALA and others: nine triads straight from Aśvinī, Nāgā to Dahanā. (b) KĀŚYAPA: the same triads, given asterism by asterism. (c) VARĀHAMIHIRA'S OWN (BS 9.2–3), which starts the Nāgā with Svātī instead of Aśvinī and gives the Go-vīthī four asterisms and the Dahanā two. (d) PARĀŚARA, differing again (Airāvatī four, Vṛṣabhā two, Mṛga-vīthī two, Ājī = Anurādhā/Viśākhā/Jyeṣṭhā, Vaiśvānarī = Mūla + the two Āṣāḍhās). (e) GARGA, close to Varāhamihira. Plus (f) the SAMĀSA-SAṂHITĀ, Varāhamihira's own lost epitome, agreeing with (c). Utpala explicitly notes the clash — 'atra varāhamihireṇa saha bhedaḥ', 'here there is a difference with Varāhamihira' — and Varāhamihira himself refuses to adjudicate at 9.7. Varāhamihira, Parāśara, Garga and the Samāsa-saṃhitā all make the Jāradgavī the triad from ŚRAVAṆA (Śravaṇa, Dhaniṣṭhā, Śatabhiṣaj); Devala and Kāśyapa make it the triad from VIŚĀKHĀ. As with the mārga-names, note that in the Purāṇas Jaradgava is the middle MĀRGA, whereas in every authority Utpala cites it is only one vīthī and the middle mārga has no separate name (Utpala's mārga-trio is Vāta, Vyāḍa, Vaiśvānara).
Utpala, Vivṛti on Bṛhat Saṃhitā 9.1–9.4, quoting Kāśyapa and Parāśara ·
text ·
translation