Odia
names 31objects 14ISO 639-3 ory
Spoken in Garjat (the Odisha princely states), Odisha, Odisha (rustic/colloquial), Sambalpur (western Odisha).
vernacular 10 · folk 9 · borrowed 12
See the Odia sky on the chart →
The sky in Odia
| Name | Object | Meaning | Register |
|---|---|---|---|
| ତରା / ତାରା tarā / tārā | 'Star' as a word | 'star' Odia distinguishes the worn-down ତରା tarā, which is what all the folk compounds in this file are built on (khachuā tarā, phukiā tarā, keuñṭi tārā, lañjā tārā), from the tatsama ତାରକା tārakā, whose second sense is 'comet' — ଲଞ୍ଜା ତାରା. | vernacular |
| ଅଗସ୍ତି Agasti | Canopus | the sage Agastya The seasonal function is the whole point of the Odia entry: the star rises in śarat, and because river water clears in śarat, Hindus take the rising of Agasti to be the CAUSE of the clearing. The companion entry ଅଗସ୍ତ୍ୟୋଦୟ (p. 75) dates it to the 7th of Bhādra and glosses it as the beginning of Indian autumn. | borrowed |
| ଲୋପାମୁଦ୍ରା Lopā mudrā | Canopus | Lopāmudrā, wife of the sage Agastya Recorded twice: as a headword, and in the Canopus note at p. 4095 ('the small star to its south-east is Agastya's wife Lopāmudrā'). | borrowed |
| ଲଞ୍ଜା ତାରା Lan̄jā tārā | Comets | 'tail-star'; Praharaj adds the reason — 'because it has a line of light in it like a tail' Marked ଦେ. and illustrated from Rādhānātha Rāya's Yayāti. Variants and near-synonyms fill the same semantic field: ରଞ୍ଜା ତରା Rañjā tarā (p. 6955), ଲାଙ୍ଗୁଡ଼ା ତାରା Lāṅguṛā tārā (p. 7342), ନକ୍ଷତ୍ର ଲଞ୍ଜା Nakshatra lañjā (p. 4096), and ଲଞ୍ଜା alone (p. 7277). | vernacular |
| ଅଦ୍ରାବଳି Adrābaḻi | Orion | 'the Ārdrā-row' — the string of stars containing Ārdrā Marked ଗ୍ରା. (grāmya, rustic). The variants ଆର୍ଦ୍ରାବଳି Ārdrābaḻi (p. 814, marked ଦେ. deśī, sense 4 'The constellation of orion') and ଅରାବଳି Arābaḻī (p. 564, ଦେ. 'ଆର୍ଦ୍ରାବଳି; କାଳପୁରୁଷ ନକ୍ଷତ୍ରପୁଞ୍ଜ — The constellation of Orion') give the same word at three degrees of erosion. | folk |
| କାଳପୁରୁଷ Kāḻapurusha | Orion | 'the man of Kāla / Death' — Praharaj's gloss makes the body black: 'the black bodied hideous messenger of the God of Death' The Odia entry is the one that preserves the colour term the Bengali dictionary drops, and it also anatomises the figure: head = Mṛgaśirā, one shoulder = Ārdrā, waist-belt = the three stars Ilwaḻā; another name Agrahāyaṇī. | vernacular |
| କାଳପୁରୁଷର ଡାହାଣ ଖୁଆ ମୁଣ୍ଡି Kāḻapurushara ḍāhāṇa khuā muṇḍi | Orion | 'the knob of Kālapuruṣa's right shoulder' Given as the Odia or native name of Ārdrā — that is, the sixth nakṣatra is identified for an Odia reader not by a Sanskrit epithet but by its place on the Kālapuruṣa figure. The same note names Mṛgaśirā 'ଓଡ଼ିଆ ବା ଦେଶୀୟ ନାମ—କାଳପୁରୁଷର ମୁଣ୍ଡ', the head of Kālapuruṣa. | vernacular |
| ମୟୂରତୁଣ୍ଡ Mayūratuṇḍa | Orion | 'the peacock's beak' Stars 9-13 of Praharaj's Orion diagram, identified in the same entry as σ, 42, θ, ι and υ Orionis and as 'Orion's dagger'. | borrowed |
| ସୌମ୍ୟ Sa̲u̲mya | Orion | 'belonging to Soma' Praharaj counts five stars on the top of the figure where the Sanskrit sources count three. | borrowed |
| ଇଲ୍ୱଳା Ilwaḻā | Orion's Belt | Ilvala, the asura brother of Vātāpi killed by Agastya Praharaj supports it with a line of Rādhānātha Rāya's Yayāti: 'these three forms appear in one line, like Ilwaḻā in the sky'. | borrowed |
| ନଙ୍ଗଲ ଜୁଡ଼ା Naṅgal juṟḍ̠ā | Orion's Belt | 'the yoked plough' — naṅgal is the western-Odia form of laṅgaḻa, a plough THE agricultural entry in this file. Praharaj's note: the Khaṛiās of Sambalpur do not yoke the plough — that is, do not begin the paddy sowing — until this asterism has risen, which is to say not before the month of Baiśākha; and it is for that reason that the cluster is called Naṅgal-juṛā. | folk |
| ଉଷା, ଅନିରୁଦ୍ଧ, ଚିତ୍ରଲେଖା Uṣā, Aniruddha, Citralekhā | Orion's Belt | Uṣā daughter of king Bāṇa, her husband Aniruddha, and her companion Citralekhā From Praharaj's long systematic note on the Kālapuruṣa group (item 36 under the headword ନକ୍ଷତ୍ର), which numbers 21 stars of Orion and gives each a name. Stars 6, 7, 8 are Uṣā, Aniruddha and Citralekhā individually and 'ଇଷୁ ତ୍ରିକାଣ୍ଡ ବା ପାଶୁପତ ବାଣ' (the three-jointed arrow, or the Pāśupata shaft) collectively. | borrowed |
| ମୂଳା ଶଙ୍ଖ Mūḻā ṡaṅkha | Scorpius | 'the Mūlā conch' Given as the Odia or native name of the 19th asterism, whose eleven stars Praharaj describes as a pair of dogs. The Odia figure for the whole Scorpius region is spelled out in the Jyeṣṭhā note: joining the stars of Anurādhā, Jyeṣṭhā and Mūlā gives a crab-scorpion (କଙ୍କଡ଼ାବିଛା) with its tail curled up — head Anurādhā, back Jyeṣṭhā, tail Mūlā. | vernacular |
| ପ୍ରଶ୍ୱା Praṡwā | Sirius | uncertain; Praharaj marks it ସଂ. and offers no derivation Praharaj identifies it flatly with Lubdhaka and with α Canis Majoris, and uses it as a fixed point elsewhere — Canopus is located 'in the southern sky, south of Praśwā' (p. 4095). | borrowed |
| ରୋହିଣୀ ଶକଟ Rohiṇī ṡakaṭa | The Hyades | 'Rohiṇī's cart' Given as the Odia or native name of the 4th asterism. The omen attached to it is recorded in the same note: when the moon is seen to pierce the Rohiṇī-cart, calamity is feared. | borrowed |
| ହରିତାଳୀ (ହରିତାଳିକା) Haritāḻī (Haritāḻikā) | The Milky Way | uncertain; the word's other senses are the Bhādra festival day and the sharp edge of a sword Notable for its orientation clause, which none of the other Milky Way words in this file carry: the galaxy AS IT RUNS FROM SOUTH TO NORTH ACROSS THE SKY. Praharaj lists Haritāḻī among the Sanskrit names of the Chāyāpatha at p. 4095. | borrowed |
| ହାତିଦଣ୍ଡା Hātidaṇḍā | The Milky Way | 'the elephant-road' — the trampled lane elephants drive through jungle Given by Praharaj as THE Odia name of the galaxy, in square brackets after the Sanskrit, Latin and Greek names, at the end of his article on the Chāyāpatha. The literal sense is described in detail under the headword ହାତି (p. 9088): these lanes run for hundreds of kos, about twenty feet wide and twenty feet high, so cleanly stripped that they look swept. | folk |
| ହାଁଥିଧରସା (ହାଥି ଧର୍ସା) Hāñthi dharasā (Hāti dhar-sā) | The Milky Way | 'elephant-track' The Sambalpuri form of the same name, entered twice with the same two senses in the same order — jungle elephant-track, then the galaxy. | folk |
| କଠଲା ତାରା Kaṭhalā tārā | The Pleiades | 'the mallet star' — Praharaj glosses kaṭhalā in this phrase as ବଢ଼େଇର ମୁଗୁର, the carpenter's mallet Given as the Sambalpuri name in Praharaj's systematic note on Kṛttikā, immediately after the general Odia name. The shape is argued for in the same entry: joining the six stars gives 'the shape of a dagger, or of a carpenter's wooden mallet'. | folk |
| କାର୍ତ୍ତିକପୁଞ୍ଜ (କାର୍ତ୍ତିକପୁଞ୍ଜା) Kārttikapun̄ja | The Pleiades | 'the Kārttika cluster' Marked ଦେ. (deśī), i.e. a native formation, not a tatsama: Odia has built its own compound on Kṛttikā rather than borrowing the Sanskrit name outright. Praharaj illustrates it with a ḍhaga (proverb): 'you pointed out the Kārttika cluster and I pointed out a gourd; whatever thief has got into my house, let him go out in front of me.' | vernacular |
| ସୌମ୍ୟ ଧ୍ରୁବ / ଯାମ୍ୟ ଧ୍ରୁବ Sa̲u̲mya dhruba / J̄āmya dhruba | The pole star | 'the northern Dhruva' and 'the southern (Yama's) Dhruva' A pair coined to hold a fact European astronomy supplied: there are two poles, and only the northern one is visible from India. For the southern, Praharaj records the working substitute — since we cannot see it, the southernmost bright star of the Triśaṅku group above the south pole point is taken to be the south pole star. | borrowed |
| ଅକ୍ଷମାଳା Akshamāḻā | Ursa Major (the Big Dipper) | 'the rosary, the string of beads' A second name for Arundhatī, and Praharaj gives the reason: the Saptarṣimaṇḍala encircles her like a rosary. | borrowed |
| ବାଜ୍ଖଟ୍ Bāj-khaṭ | Ursa Major (the Big Dipper) | 'the bier' — the bamboo bedstead on which a corpse is carried to the burning-ground Sense 1 of the same headword is the object itself. The Big Dipper as a bier is a real folk figure and reads the asterism the way Hindi khaṭolā and Arabic na'sh do — as a funeral cot, the four bowl stars the frame and the three handle stars the mourners. | folk |
| ଧ୍ରୁବ ଦର୍ଶକ Dhruba darṡaka | Ursa Major (the Big Dipper) | 'the Dhruva-shower', that which points out the pole star A functional name, and one the same dictionary explains: extend the line joining the two stars at the head of the group and it passes beside Dhruvatārā. Sense 2 of the same word is the mariner's compass. | borrowed |
| ସାତଭାଇୟା Sātabhāiyā | Ursa Major (the Big Dipper) | 'the seven brothers' Given as THE Odia or native name of the group in Praharaj's systematic note, against Hindi ଖଟୋଲା khaṭolā (a cot). The seven ṛṣis have become seven brothers. | vernacular |
| କେଉଁଟି ତାରା Keuñṭi tārā | Venus as evening star | 'the fisherwoman's star' — keuṭa/keuṇṭa is the fisher caste A caste-and-labour name for a planet: the star that goes down in the west a watch into the night, which Praharaj identifies flatly as Venus. | folk |
| ପହରିକିଆ ତାରା Paharikiā tārā | Venus as evening star | 'the one-watch star' — the star that lasts a prahara The general Odia evening-star word. Praharaj's note insists that it is not a star at all but a planet, and the same body as the morning star. | vernacular |
| ଖଚୁଆ ତରା Khachuā tarā | Venus as morning star | 'the tale-telling star', from khaca, an account or report The best piece of sky-lore in Praharaj. Because the star is seen sometimes before dawn and sometimes for a watch after nightfall, people believe it goes ahead to Yama and reports the doings of the people of this world. | folk |
| କୁଆତରା Kuātarā | Venus as morning star | a worn-down form of kāvya-tārā, 'the star of Kāvya' — Kāvya/Uśanas being Śukra, the preceptor of the asuras Marked ଦେ., with the Sanskrit etymon given. Defined by the watch: the bright body that rises in the east with one prahara of night still to go. | vernacular |
| ଫୁକିଆ (ଫୁକିଆତରା) Phukiā (Phukiātarā) | Venus as morning star | uncertain; Praharaj gives no derivation Marked ପ୍ରାଦେ. (ଗଡ଼ଜାତ), provincial to the Garjat states. Defined by the clock and by the work it starts: the star that rises at 4 a.m., with the example sentence 'when Phukiā rises the fisherwomen begin husking chuṛā (flattened rice)'. | folk |
| ପାହାନ୍ତି ତାରା Pāhānti tārā | Venus as morning star | 'the daybreak star' The general Odia term, and the one Praharaj uses to define all the others. His note is unusually careful: the morning star is NOT one body — at different times of year Mars, Jupiter, Venus and Saturn rise before dawn in the east, but Venus is the brightest of them and Jupiter next. | vernacular |
Sources
- G. C. Praharaj, Purnnachandra Ordia Bhashakosha: a lexicon of the Oriya language, Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press, 1931-1940 (DSAL digital ed.), s.v. ତାରକା Tārakā, p. 3445 link
- G. C. Praharaj, Purnnachandra Ordia Bhashakosha: a lexicon of the Oriya language, Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press, 1931-1940 (DSAL digital ed.), s.v. ଅଗସ୍ତି Agasti, p. 74 link
- G. C. Praharaj, Purnnachandra Ordia Bhashakosha: a lexicon of the Oriya language, Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press, 1931-1940 (DSAL digital ed.), s.v. ଲୋପା ମୁଦ୍ରା Lopā mudrā, p. 7452 link
- G. C. Praharaj, Purnnachandra Ordia Bhashakosha: a lexicon of the Oriya language, Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press, 1931-1940 (DSAL digital ed.), s.v. ଲଞ୍ଜା ତାରା Lan̄jā tārā, p. 7277 link
- G. C. Praharaj, Purnnachandra Ordia Bhashakosha: a lexicon of the Oriya language, Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press, 1931-1940 (DSAL digital ed.), s.v. ଅଦ୍ରାବଳି Adrābaḻi, p. 236 link
- G. C. Praharaj, Purnnachandra Ordia Bhashakosha: a lexicon of the Oriya language, Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press, 1931-1940 (DSAL digital ed.), s.v. କାଳପୁରୁଷ Kāḻapurusha, p. 1552 link
- G. C. Praharaj, Purnnachandra Ordia Bhashakosha: a lexicon of the Oriya language, Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press, 1931-1940 (DSAL digital ed.), s.v. ନକ୍ଷତ୍ର Nakshatra, note on the 6th asterism ଆର୍ଦ୍ରା, p. 4095 link
- G. C. Praharaj, Purnnachandra Ordia Bhashakosha: a lexicon of the Oriya language, Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press, 1931-1940 (DSAL digital ed.), s.v. ନକ୍ଷତ୍ର Nakshatra, note item 36 କାଳପୁରୁଷ ପୁଞ୍ଜ, p. 4095 link
- G. C. Praharaj, Purnnachandra Ordia Bhashakosha: a lexicon of the Oriya language, Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press, 1931-1940 (DSAL digital ed.), s.v. ସୌମ୍ୟ Sa̲u̲mya, p. 8756 link
- G. C. Praharaj, Purnnachandra Ordia Bhashakosha: a lexicon of the Oriya language, Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press, 1931-1940 (DSAL digital ed.), s.v. ଇଲ୍ୱଳା Ilwaḻā, p. 876 link
- G. C. Praharaj, Purnnachandra Ordia Bhashakosha: a lexicon of the Oriya language, Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press, 1931-1940 (DSAL digital ed.), s.v. ନଙ୍ଗଲ ଜୁଡ଼ା Naṅgal juṟḍ̠ā, p. 4106 link
- G. C. Praharaj, Purnnachandra Ordia Bhashakosha: a lexicon of the Oriya language, Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press, 1931-1940 (DSAL digital ed.), s.v. ନକ୍ଷତ୍ର Nakshatra, note on the 19th asterism ମୂଳା, p. 4095 link
- G. C. Praharaj, Purnnachandra Ordia Bhashakosha: a lexicon of the Oriya language, Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press, 1931-1940 (DSAL digital ed.), s.v. ପ୍ରଶ୍ୱା Praṡwā, p. 5131 link
- G. C. Praharaj, Purnnachandra Ordia Bhashakosha: a lexicon of the Oriya language, Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press, 1931-1940 (DSAL digital ed.), s.v. ନକ୍ଷତ୍ର Nakshatra, note on the 4th asterism ରୋହିଣୀ, p. 4095 link
- G. C. Praharaj, Purnnachandra Ordia Bhashakosha: a lexicon of the Oriya language, Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press, 1931-1940 (DSAL digital ed.), s.v. ହରିତାଳୀ Haritāḻī, p. 8973 link
- G. C. Praharaj, Purnnachandra Ordia Bhashakosha: a lexicon of the Oriya language, Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press, 1931-1940 (DSAL digital ed.), s.v. ନକ୍ଷତ୍ର Nakshatra, note item 63 ଛାୟା ପଥ, p. 4095 link
- G. C. Praharaj, Purnnachandra Ordia Bhashakosha: a lexicon of the Oriya language, Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press, 1931-1940 (DSAL digital ed.), s.v. ହାଁଥିଧରସା Hāñthi dharasā, p. 9036 link
- G. C. Praharaj, Purnnachandra Ordia Bhashakosha: a lexicon of the Oriya language, Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press, 1931-1940 (DSAL digital ed.), s.v. ନକ୍ଷତ୍ର Nakshatra, note on the 3rd asterism କୃତ୍ତିକା, p. 4095 link
- G. C. Praharaj, Purnnachandra Ordia Bhashakosha: a lexicon of the Oriya language, Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press, 1931-1940 (DSAL digital ed.), s.v. କାର୍ତ୍ତିକପୁଞ୍ଜ Kārttikapun̄ja, p. 1538 link
- G. C. Praharaj, Purnnachandra Ordia Bhashakosha: a lexicon of the Oriya language, Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press, 1931-1940 (DSAL digital ed.), s.v. ଯାମ୍ୟ ଧ୍ରୁବ J̄āmya dhruba, p. 6820 link
- G. C. Praharaj, Purnnachandra Ordia Bhashakosha: a lexicon of the Oriya language, Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press, 1931-1940 (DSAL digital ed.), s.v. ଅକ୍ଷମାଳା Akshamāḻā, p. 54 link
- G. C. Praharaj, Purnnachandra Ordia Bhashakosha: a lexicon of the Oriya language, Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press, 1931-1940 (DSAL digital ed.), s.v. ବାଜ୍ଖଟ୍ Bāj-khaṭ, p. 5484 link
- G. C. Praharaj, Purnnachandra Ordia Bhashakosha: a lexicon of the Oriya language, Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press, 1931-1940 (DSAL digital ed.), s.v. ଧ୍ରୁବ ଦର୍ଶକ Dhruba darṡaka, p. 4069 link
- G. C. Praharaj, Purnnachandra Ordia Bhashakosha: a lexicon of the Oriya language, Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press, 1931-1940 (DSAL digital ed.), s.v. ନକ୍ଷତ୍ର Nakshatra, note item 29 ସପ୍ତର୍ଷିମଣ୍ଡଳ, p. 4095 link
- G. C. Praharaj, Purnnachandra Ordia Bhashakosha: a lexicon of the Oriya language, Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press, 1931-1940 (DSAL digital ed.), s.v. କେଉଁଟି ତାରା Keuñṭi tārā, p. 1740 link
- G. C. Praharaj, Purnnachandra Ordia Bhashakosha: a lexicon of the Oriya language, Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press, 1931-1940 (DSAL digital ed.), s.v. ପହରିକିଆ ତାରା Paharikiā tārā, p. 4687 link
- G. C. Praharaj, Purnnachandra Ordia Bhashakosha: a lexicon of the Oriya language, Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press, 1931-1940 (DSAL digital ed.), s.v. ଖଚୁଆ ତରା Khachuā tarā, p. 1890 link
- G. C. Praharaj, Purnnachandra Ordia Bhashakosha: a lexicon of the Oriya language, Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press, 1931-1940 (DSAL digital ed.), s.v. କୁଆତରା Kuātarā, p. 1613 link
- G. C. Praharaj, Purnnachandra Ordia Bhashakosha: a lexicon of the Oriya language, Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press, 1931-1940 (DSAL digital ed.), s.v. ଫୁକିଆ Phukiā, p. 5239 link
- G. C. Praharaj, Purnnachandra Ordia Bhashakosha: a lexicon of the Oriya language, Cuttack: Utkal Sahitya Press, 1931-1940 (DSAL digital ed.), s.v. ପାହାନ୍ତି ତାରା Pāhānti tārā, p. 4814 link