Kannada
names 66objects 31ISO 639-3 kan
Spoken in Karnataka (Mysore, Canara, Deccan).
vernacular 11 · folk 4 · borrowed 26
See the Kannada sky on the chart →
The sky in Kannada
| Name | Object | Meaning | Register |
|---|---|---|---|
| ಋಕ್ಷ ṛkṣa | 'Constellation' as a word | bear | borrowed |
| ಮೀನ್ವಟ್ಟೆ mīnvaṭṭe | 'Sky' as a word | the star-road / fish-road One of three synonymous Kannada 'star-road' compounds: mīn-vaṭṭe, aṟil-vaṭṭe (p. 105), tārage-vaṭṭe (p. 752). | vernacular |
| ಅಱಿಲ್ aṟil | 'Star' as a word | A second, purely Dravidian, classical Kannada star-word; obsolete in the modern language and known mainly from the old lexicons Kittel cites. | vernacular |
| ಚಿಕ್ಕಿ cikki | 'Star' as a word | spot, speck, dot The colloquial modern Kannada word (also ಚುಕ್ಕಿ cukki, ಚುಕ್ಕೆ cukke, ಚಿಕ್ಕೆ cikke), cognate with Telugu cukka. | vernacular |
| ಮೀನ್ mīn | 'Star' as a word | fish The classical Kannada word for a star is the word for a fish. Kittel's own guess at the motivation is printed in the entry. | vernacular |
| ತಾರಗೆ tārage | 'Star' as a word | Tadbhava of tārakā, thoroughly naturalised; forms the compound tārage-vaṭṭe 'the starry path, the sky'. | borrowed |
| ಉಡು uḍu | 'Star' as a word | — | borrowed |
| ರೋಹಿಣಿ Rōhiṇi | Aldebaran | Attested in dated Kannada stone inscriptions across six and a half centuries — the earliest of 1032 CE (Moon with Aldebaran, Nanjangūḍu), the last of 1679 CE — recording the Moon, Saturn or an occultation at the star as the timing detail of a grant. Epigraphy, not lexicography: the star's name as village record-keepers actually wrote it, with a date astronomy can verify. | borrowed |
| ಜೇಟೆ jēṭe | Antares | — | borrowed |
| ಜಟಾಯು Jaṭāyu | Aquila | the Ramayana's vulture The epic vulture set on the Eagle — the book's own coinage; later Kannada usage (Nakshatra Darshana, 1954) moved Garuḍa here instead. | vernacular |
| ಸ್ವಾತೀ Svātī | Arcturus | — | borrowed |
| ಸ್ವಾತಿ svāti | Arcturus | The naturalised Kannada form is ಸಾತಿ sāti (p. 1613, 'Tbh. of ಸ್ವಾತಿ'). | borrowed |
| ಸಾರಥಿ Sārathi | Auriga | the charioteer The book's Kannada rendering of the Western name, presented as such — the rendering itself entered Kannada astronomy vocabulary. | vernacular |
| ಮಹಾ ಶ್ವಾನ mahā śvāna | Canis Major | the great dog The book's Kannada rendering of the Western name, presented as such — the rendering itself entered Kannada astronomy vocabulary. | vernacular |
| ಅಗಸ್ತ್ಯ Agastya | Canopus | The tradition's Agastya, in Kannada scientific prose. | borrowed |
| ಅಗಸ್ತ್ಯ agastya | Canopus | — | borrowed |
| ಬ್ರಹ್ಮಹೃದಯ Brahmahṛdaya | Capella | Brahmā's heart The Sūrya-siddhānta tradition's name, in Kannada. | borrowed |
| ಪುನರ್ವಸು Punarvasu | Castor and Pollux | — | borrowed |
| ನರಾಶ್ವ narāśva | Centaurus | the man-horse The book's Kannada rendering of the Western name, presented as such — the rendering itself entered Kannada astronomy vocabulary. Figure 13 in the book carries the name as its caption. | vernacular |
| ಬಾಲಚಿಕ್ಕಿ bāla-cikki | Comets | the tail star Also ಬಾಲಚುಕ್ಕೆ bāla-cukke. The colloquial Kannada word. | vernacular |
| ಧೂಮಕೇತು dhūmakētu | Comets | whose banner is smoke | borrowed |
| ತ್ರಿಶಂಕು Triśaṅku | Crux (the Southern Cross) | 'All these together make the Triśaṅku star-group.' | borrowed |
| ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಸ್ವಸ್ತಿಕ dakṣiṇa svastika | Crux (the Southern Cross) | the southern svastika The Cross seen as a svastika — the book's own figure caption reads 'Svastika'. | vernacular |
| ರಾಜಹಂಸ rājahaṃsa | Cygnus | the royal swan The book's Kannada rendering of the Western name, presented as such — the rendering itself entered Kannada astronomy vocabulary. | vernacular |
| ವೃಕ vṛka | Lupus | the wolf The book's Kannada rendering of the Western name, presented as such — the rendering itself entered Kannada astronomy vocabulary. | vernacular |
| ಉಲ್ಕಾಪಾತ ulkāpāta | Meteors and shooting stars | the falling of a firebrand | borrowed |
| ಇಲ್ವಲೆಗಳ್ ilvalegaḷ | Orion | — | borrowed |
| ಆಗ್ರಹಾಯಣಿ āgrahāyaṇi | Orion | she who begins the year | borrowed |
| ಆರಿದ್ರ āridra | Orion | SEASONAL. The Ārdrā period is July-August in Kittel's reckoning, and an insect is named from it. | folk |
| ಮೂವರು ಅರಸರು mūvaru arasaru | Orion's Belt | the three kings The book's Kannada rendering of the Western name, presented as such — the rendering itself entered Kannada astronomy vocabulary. | vernacular |
| ಅಗ್ನಿ ನಕ್ಷತ್ರ Agni-nakṣatra | Sirius | the fire star Applied to Sirius for its sparkle — distinct from the Sūrya-siddhānta tradition's Agni (β Tauri); the appendix glosses it 'The Sparkling One'. | vernacular |
| ವ್ಯಾಧ Vyādha | Sirius | the hunter The classical hunter-name of Sirius carried into modern Kannada. | borrowed |
| ಲುಬ್ಧಕ lubdhaka | Sirius | the hunter | borrowed |
| ಬಾನ್ದೊಱೆ bāndoṟe | The Milky Way | the sky-river | vernacular |
| ಬಾಂಗಡಲ್ bāṅgaḍal | The Milky Way | the sky-sea | vernacular |
| ಬಾಂಗೆಱೆ bāṅgeṟe | The Milky Way | the sky-tank A Dravidian figure for the galaxy: not a river but an irrigation tank, the standing water of the Karnataka countryside. | vernacular |
| ಆಕಾಶಗಂಗೆ ākāśagaṅge | The Milky Way | the sky-Ganges | borrowed |
| ಮೀನ್ಗಳೆಱೆಯ mīngaḷeṟeya | The Moon | lord of the stars/fishes Also ತಾರಗೆಯಾಳ್ಮ tārageyāḷma, same sense, Kittel p. 752. | vernacular |
| ಅಗ್ನಿದೇವೆ agnidēve | The Pleiades | she whose deity is Agni | borrowed |
| ಬಹುಲೆಗಳ್ bahulegaḷ | The Pleiades | the many ones | borrowed |
| ಕೃತ್ತಿಕೆ kṛttike | The Pleiades | — | borrowed |
| ಭರಣಿ bharaṇi | The lunar mansions as a system | — | borrowed |
| ಚಿತ್ತೆ citte | The lunar mansions as a system | The naturalised Kannada form; Kittel's tatsama headword ಚಿತ್ರೆ citre (p. 647) is the one that carries the identification 'spica virginis'. | borrowed |
| ಧನಿಷ್ಠೆ dhaniṣṭhe | The lunar mansions as a system | the very rich one Kittel notes the mansion is held unlucky and prints a proverb on it. | borrowed |
| ಹುಬ್ಬೆ hubbe | The lunar mansions as a system | AGRICULTURAL. Kittel prints two Kannada proverbs on the Hubbe rains under the headword — the whole entry is quoted below. | folk |
| ಮಖೆ makhe | The lunar mansions as a system | AGRICULTURAL. Also ಮಘೆ maghe (p. 1256), which carries a second rain proverb. | folk |
| ನಕ್ಷತ್ರ nakṣatra | The lunar mansions as a system | The almanac and horoscope word; Kittel glosses it with the two Dravidian words, ಅಱಿಲ್ and ಮೀನ್. | borrowed |
| ಭಗಣ bhagaṇa | The zodiac | the troop of stars | borrowed |
| ಅರುಂಧತಿ Arundhati | Ursa Major (the Big Dipper) | Named at Mizar's side, with the marriage custom: 'this little star is Arundhati — the one Indians show at weddings'. | borrowed |
| ಡೇವಿಡನ ರಥ Dēviḍana ratha | Ursa Major (the Big Dipper) | David's chariot The book's Kannada rendering of the Western name, presented as such — the rendering itself entered Kannada astronomy vocabulary. | vernacular |
| ವಸಿಷ್ಠ Vasiṣṭha | Ursa Major (the Big Dipper) | Listed with the seven sages by name. | borrowed |
| ಅರುನ್ಧತಿ arundhati | Ursa Major (the Big Dipper) | — | borrowed |
| ಚಿತ್ರಶಿಖಣ್ಡಿ citraśikhaṇḍi | Ursa Major (the Big Dipper) | having bright crests | borrowed |
| ದೊಡ್ಡ ಕರಡಿ doḍḍa karaḍi | Ursa Major (the Big Dipper) | the big bear The book's Kannada rendering of the Western name, presented as such — the rendering itself entered Kannada astronomy vocabulary. | vernacular |
| ನೇಗಿಲು nēgilu | Ursa Major (the Big Dipper) | the plough 'Some commonly call it the plough' — the book reporting Kannada usage, not coining it. | folk |
| ಸಪ್ತರ್ಷಿ saptarṣi | Ursa Major (the Big Dipper) | the seven sages | borrowed |
| ಧ್ರುವ Dhruva | Ursa Minor | the fixed one | borrowed |
| ಔತ್ತಾನಪಾದಿ auttānapādi | Ursa Minor | son of Uttānapāda | borrowed |
| ಚಿಕ್ಕ ಕರಡಿ cikka karaḍi | Ursa Minor | the little bear The book's Kannada rendering of the Western name, presented as such — the rendering itself entered Kannada astronomy vocabulary. | vernacular |
| ಧ್ರುವ dhruva | Ursa Minor | fixed, immovable Also ಧ್ರುವನಕ್ಷತ್ರ dhruva-nakṣatra, same page. | borrowed |
| ಧ್ರುವಪಾಶ dhruvapāśa | Ursa Minor | the pole-star rope COSMOLOGY. The earth is held up by a rope tied to the pole star. | folk |
| ಲಘು ಸಪ್ತರ್ಷಿ laghu saptarṣi | Ursa Minor | the lesser seven sages The tradition's Saptarṣi extended with laghu- for the Little Bear — a modern formation on Sanskrit material. | vernacular |
| ಅಭಿಜಿತ್ Abhijit | Vega | The classical 28th nakṣatra, standing for Vega in the book's northern-sky tours. | borrowed |
| ಬೆಳ್ಳಿ beḷḷi | Venus | silver The everyday Kannada name for Venus is simply the word for silver. | vernacular |
| ಚುಕ್ಕಿ cukki | Venus | A trap for the unwary: Kittel has two homographic headwords ಚುಕ್ಕಿ. The one meaning 'star/dot' is Dravidian; this one, meaning the planet Venus, is a tadbhava of Sanskrit Śukra. | borrowed |
| ಸಂಜೆದಾರಕಿ sañje-tāraki | Venus as evening star | the evening star Kittel's citation (J. 26,5) is to the Jaimini Bhārata, i.e. it is a literary attestation. | vernacular |
Sources
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಋಕ್ಷ r̥kṣa, p. 269 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಮೀನ್ mīn 2, p. 1328 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಅಱಿಲ್ aṟil 1, p. 105 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಚಿಕ್ಕಿ cikki 2, p. 643 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ತಾರಗೆ tārage, p. 752 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಉಡು uḍu 6, p. 225 link
- Epigraphia Carnatica III (Mysore), Nanjangūḍu nos. 164 & 165 (23 Oct 1032 CE), and six further records to 1679 CE, as compiled and verified in B. S. Shylaja & Geetha Kydala Ganesha, 'Conjunction of planets – historical records of India', Current Science 120(8) (2021), 1399–1400, Table 1 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಜೇಟೆ jēṭe, p. 696 link
- N. Venkatesha Ayyangar (transl.), Jyotirvinodini (Bengaluru: Karnataka Sahitya Parishattu, 1931; Karnataka Vaijnanika Grantha Mala 1), Appendix III (alphabetical sky-index), pp. 301-306 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಸ್ವಾತಿ svāti, p. 1692 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಅಗಸ್ತ್ಯ agastya, p. 12 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಬಾಲ bāla, p. 1173 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಧೂಮಕೇತು dhūmakētu, p. 875 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಉಲ್ಕಾಪಾತ ulkāpāta, p. 257 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಇಲ್ವಲೆಗಳ್ ilvalegaḷ, p. 206 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಆಗ್ರಹಾಯಣಿ āgrahāyaṇi, p. 151 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಆರಿದ್ರ āridra, p. 168 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಲುಬ್ಧಕ lubdhaka, p. 1440 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಬಾನ್ bān 3, p. 1169 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಬಾಂ- bām-, p. 1166 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಆಕಾಶಗಂಗೆ ākāśagaṅge, p. 146 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಅಗ್ನಿದೇವೆ agnidēve, p. 16 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಬಹುಲೆ bahule, p. 1159 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಕೃತ್ತಿಕೆ kṛttike, p. 491 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಭರಣಿ bharaṇi, p. 1237 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಚಿತ್ತೆ citte, p. 646 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಧನಿಷ್ಠೆ dhaniṣṭhe, p. 868 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಹುಬ್ಬೆ hubbe, p. 1745 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಮಖೆ makhe, p. 1254 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ನಕ್ಷತ್ರ nakṣatra, p. 879 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಭಗಣ bhagaṇa, p. 1234 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಅರುನ್ಧತಿ arundhati, p. 102 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಚಿತ್ರಶಿಖಣ್ಡಿ citraśikhaṇḍi, p. 646 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಸಪ್ತರ್ಷಿ saptarṣi, p. 1579 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಔತ್ತಾನಪಾದಿ auttānapādi, p. 344 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಧ್ರುವ dhruva, p. 877 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಧ್ರುವಪಾಶ dhruvapāśa, p. 877 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಬೆಳ್ಳಿ beḷḷi, p. 1217 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಚುಕ್ಕಿ cukki 2, p. 653 link
- Kittel, F., A Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (orig. Mangalore: Basel Mission, 1894); cited from the revised and enlarged edition, [Madras] University of Madras, 1968-71, as keyed for DSAL, s.v. ಸಂಜೆ sañje, p. 1564 link